PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI KLONING HEWAN UNTUK KONSERVASI SUMBER GENETIK TERNAK LOKAL MELALUI REALISASI BANK SEL SOMATIS
Abstract
transfer nukleus donor sel somatik mempunyaimanfaat yang sangat besar untuk riset dan implementasinya di bidang kedokteran,
produksi ternak dan konservasi hewan langka. Adanya kecenderungan tingkat
keberhasilan produksi hewan kloning yang lahir dan hidup normal pada berbagai
spesies, membuka peluang dan harapan yang sangat besar bahwa teknologi ini
berpotensi bagi konservasi plasma nutfah dari berbagai spesies. Semenjak kelahiran
domba kloning pertama hasil transfer nukleus dengan sel somatik, maka kemudian
disusul berbagai keberhasilan lahirnya hewan kloning berbagai spesies seperti,
kambing, sapi, babi, tikus dll. Berbagai sel somatik yang telah menghasilkan individu
kloning, diantaranya adalah sel kumulus, fetal/adult fibroblast, mammary gland,
epithel dll. Sukses pertama kloning hewan langka adalah lahirnya Gaurs hasil transfer
sel somatik gaur (B. gaurus) yang ditransfer interspesies pada oosit enukleasi sapi (B.
taurus). Viabilitas sel somatic hasil kultur konfluen sangat tinggi berkisar antara 85 –
95 %. Konsep genome resources bank perlu mulai dicobakan pada populasi hewan
liar, spesies langka dan juga ternak lokal. Dengan demikian, jika selama ini hanya
dikenal dua macam sel yaitu spermatozoa dan oosit yang bisa dikriopreservasi, maka
kedepan ada potensi yang sangat besar dengan realisasi banks sel somatik berbagai
spesies hewan sebagai sumber sel donor untuk memproduksi individu kloning.
Kata kunci: Somatic cells, genetic diversity, nuclear transfer, cloning,.
ABSTRACT
Embryo cloning production using somatic cells donor has great potential
application in medicine, animal production as well as preserving endangered and rare
animal. Recent increased success of reproductive technologies has caused dramatic
surge hope for preservation of endangered species. Since the birth of Dolly, the first
sheep cloned from adult somatic cells, cloning adult animals has succeeded in several
species including cattle, mice, pigs and goat. There are many somatic cells donor
resources using fetal fibroblast, adult mammary gland cells, cumulus cells that
indicate successful donor cell production for nuclear transfer. The first succesful
cloning of an endangered animal cross-species nuclear transfer that give birth a babygaur bull. The concepts of genome resource banks and reproductive technology is
important to re-introduced into wild animal population, rare and endangered animal
and also local domestic animals. In the near future somatic bank cells has a great
potential for genetic resources cryopreservation .
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How to Cite
Ciptadi, G. (2012). PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI KLONING HEWAN UNTUK KONSERVASI SUMBER GENETIK TERNAK LOKAL MELALUI REALISASI BANK SEL SOMATIS. TERNAK TROPIKA Journal of Tropical Animal Production, 6(2), 60–65. Retrieved from https://ternaktropika.ub.ac.id/index.php/tropika/article/view/138
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