Penaksiran Heritabilitas Karakteristik Produksi dan Reproduksi Sapi Perah Friesen Holstein di BBPTU-HPT Baturraden
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtapro.2019.020.01.2Keywords:
Parameter genetik, heritabilitas, produksi susu, reproduksi, sapi perahAbstract
Penelitian tentang evaluasi potensi genetik sapi Friesian Holstein (FH) telah dilaksanakan di BBPTU-HPT Baturraden Purwokerto. Penelitian ini dimulai pada bulan September sampai Desember 2018. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sapi FH dan keturunannya F1 sebanyak 140 ekor. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan data recording mulai tahun 2010 sampai 2018. Variabel yang diamati adalah produksi susu, umur beranak pertama, kawin pertama setelah bernak, masa kosong, lama kebuntingan dan jarak beranak. Komponen ragam untuk menduga nilai heritabilitas sifat produksi dan reproduksi dengan menggunakan metode Regresi Anak – Tetua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rataan produksi susu sapi FH di BBPTU-HPT Baturraden sebesar 4.733,02±1.181,18 kg/laktasi atau 15,52±3,87 l/hari. Rataan sifat reproduksi (umur beranak pertama, kawin pertama setelah beranak, masa kosong, lama kebuntingan dan jarak beranak) masing-masing sebesar 772,19±77,51 hari; 130,03±70,72 hari; 201,87±104,67 hari; 278,05±14,75 hari dan 505,85±120,06 hari. Berdasarkan perhitungan secara umum nilai heritabilitas yang dihasilkan tergolong rendah sampai tinggi. Nilai heritabilitas produksi susu, umur beranak pertama, kawin pertama setelah beranak, masa kosong, lama kebuntingan dan jarak beranak masing-masing sebesar 0,43±0,19; 0,15±0,32; 0,10±0,34; 0,03±0,28; 0,17±0,30 dan 0,09±0,28.
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