SISTEM BREEDING DAN PERFORMANS HASIL PERSILANGAN SAPI MADURA DI MADURA
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi sistem breeding sapi Madura di pulau Madura dan karakterisasi performans produksi sapi Madura pada sistem breeding yang teridentifikasi. Materi yang digunakan adalah 200 ekor sapi Madura umur 6, 12, dan 24 bulan terdiri dari 93 ekor sapi Madura murni (M), 86 ekor sapi hasil persilangan generasi pertama (LM-G1) dan 21 ekor sapi hasil persilangan generasi ke dua (LM-G2) di Pulau Madura. Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragam acak lengkap pola searah dengan mengaplikasikan software GENSTAT). Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan diketahui 46,5% dari total sampel menganut sistem breeding pemurnian sapi Madura, 43% sistem breeding persilangan generasi pertama, sedangkan sisanya (10,5%) adalah sistem breeding persilangan generasi ke dua. Pada semua umur yang diamati, jenis kelamin tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata pada ukuran tubuh pada tiga kelompok perlakuan (M, LM-G1 dan LM-G2). Panjang badan (PB) dari M umur 6 bulan adalah 110,62±29,65 cm, nyata lebih panjang (P<0,5) dibandingkan dengan PB pada LM-G1 (93,40±7,48 cm) maupun LM-G2 (105,00±9,34 cm). Rataan TG (cm) pada umur 12 bulan pada M, LM-G1 dan LM-G2 berturut-turut adalah 107,20± 7,73 112,50± 9,79 116,50±2,12 cm. Rataan LD umur 24 bulan pada sapi M, LM-G1 dan LM-G2 masing-masing sebesar 140,90±19,52; 160,20±12,96; 173,50± 7,97 cm. Pada umur 12 dan 24 bulan performans sapi hasil persilangan cenderung lebih tinggi daripada sapi Madura murni.
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Kata kunci: sistem breeding, sapi Madura, performans produksi
BREEDING SYSTEM AND PERFORMANCE OF CROSSBRED MADURA CATTLE IN MADURA ISLAND MADURA
ABSTRACT
Research was done to identify breeding system of Madura cattle in Madura Island and characterization of productive performance of Madura cattle in the identified breeding system. Material used was 200 Madura cattle which consisted of 93 pure Madura cattle (M), 86 first generasion crossbred (LM-G1) and 21 second generation crossbred (LM-G2). Data were analyzed using ANOVA one way classification applying software GENSTAT (Anonymous, 2008). Results showed that breeding system of pure Madura breed occupied 46.3% of samples, 43% and 10.5% were crossbreeding of first generasion and second generation of Limousin and Madura cattle, respectively. Performance of M, LM-G1 and LM-G2 was not affected by sex. Body length of M at 6 months of age was 110.62±29.65 cm, which was significantly higher (P<0.5) than those of LM-G1 (93.40±7.48 cm) and LM-G2 (105.00±9.34 cm). Gitter height at age of 12 months of M, LM-G1 dan LM-G2 were 107.20± 7.73, 112.50± 9.79, 116.50±2.12 cm, respectively. Chest girths of M, LM-G1 and LM-G2 at 24 months of age were 140.90±19.52; 160.20±12.96; 173.50± 7.97 cm, respectively. At age of 24 months, performances of crossbred cattle were significantly higher than pure breed of Madura cattle.
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Key words: breeding system, Madura cattle, productive performance
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